Results
The wide scope of the study - the relation between diet, lifestyle and the development of colorectal polyps and cancer in persons with Lynch syndrome - enables us to answer many specific research questions. A selection of our results are summarized here. All findings can be found in the scientific publication below.
Overweight
Men with overweight have a 8 times higher risk of developing colorectal tumors than men who are not overweight. We did not see this association in women.
Smoking
Current smokers have a 6 times higher risk of developing colorectal tumors than those who never smoked. Former smokers had a 2 times higher risk compared to those who never smoked.
Diet
- Certain dietary patterns, such as a pattern with a high snack content, may influence the risk of colorectal tumors, while other dietary patterns, such as a pattern with a high inflammatory potential, do not. Thus, these dietary patterns should be investigated further.
- Alcohol: we did not observe an association between alcohol consumption and colorectal tumor risk.
- A higher intake of B-vitamins, which are involved in the synthesis and structure of DNA, was not related to the risk of colorectal tumors.
Dietary supplements
We did not observe an association between the intake of dietary supplements and the risk of colorectal tumors.
Height
In an international study, in which we combined the Geolynch study with a large study from the United States, Canada and Australia (named the Colon Cancer Family Registry), we did not observe an association between height and colorectal cancer risk for men and women. We also did not observe an association between height and endometrial cancer for women.
Scientific publications
- Brouwer JGM, Newcomb PA, Bisseling TM, Figueiredo JC, Hopper JL, Jenkins MA, Koornstra JJ, Lindor NM, Vasen HFA, Win AK, Kampman E, van Duijnhoven FJB. Associations of Height With the Risks of Colorectal and Endometrial Cancer in Persons With Lynch Syndrome. Am J Epidemiol. 2021 Feb 1;190(2):230-238. doi:10.1093/aje/kwaa175. PMID: 33524116.
- Eijkelboom AH, Brouwer JGM, Vasen HFA, Bisseling TM, Koornstra JJ, Kampman E, van Duijnhoven FJB. Diet quality and colorectal tumor risk in persons with Lynch syndrome. Cancer Epidemiol. 2020 Dec;69:101809. doi:10.1016/j.canep.2020.101809. Epub 2020 Sep 15. PMID: 32947154.
- Brouwer JGM, Snellen M, Bisseling TM, Koornstra JJ, Vasen HFA, Kampman E, van Duijnhoven FJB. Is a colorectal neoplasm diagnosis a trigger to change dietary and other lifestyle habits for persons with Lynch syndrome? A prospective cohort study. Fam Cancer. 2021 Apr;20(2):125-135. doi: 10.1007/s10689-020-00201-5. Epub 2020 Aug 8. PMID: 32770331; PMCID: PMC8064993.
- Brouwer JG, Makama M, van Woudenbergh GJ, Vasen HF, Nagengast FM, Kleibeuker JH, Kampman E, van Duijnhoven FJ. Inflammatory potential of the diet and colorectal tumor risk in persons with Lynch syndrome. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Nov;106(5):1287-1294. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.117.152900. Epub 2017 Sep 20. PMID: 28931533.
- Jung AY, van Duijnhoven FJ, Nagengast FM, Botma A, Heine-Bröring RC, Kleibeuker JH, Vasen HF, Harryvan JL, Winkels RM, Kampman E. Dietary B vitamin and methionine intake and MTHFR C677T genotype on risk of colorectal tumors in Lynch syndrome: the GEOLynch cohort study. Cancer Causes Control. 2014 Sep;25(9):1119-29. doi: 10.1007/s10552-014-0412-4. Epub 2014 Jun 12. PMID: 24916333.
- Heine-Bröring RC, Winkels RM, Botma A, van Duijnhoven FJ, Jung AY, Kleibeuker JH, Nagengast FM, Vasen HF, Kampman E. Dietary Supplement Use and Colorectal Adenoma Risk in Individuals with Lynch Syndrome: The GEOLynch Cohort Study. PLoS One. 2013 Jun 18;8(6):e66819. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066819. PMID: 23825568; PMCID: PMC3688951.
- Botma A, Vasen HF, van Duijnhoven FJ, Kleibeuker JH, Nagengast FM, Kampman E. Dietary patterns and colorectal adenomas in Lynch syndrome: the GEOLynch cohort study. Cancer. 2013 Feb 1;119(3):512-21. doi: 10.1002/cncr.27726. Epub 2012 Dec 17. Erratum in: Cancer. 2013 Jun 15;119(12):2358. PMID: 23254892.
- Winkels RM, Botma A, Van Duijnhoven FJ, Nagengast FM, Kleibeuker JH, Vasen HF, Kampman E. Smoking increases the risk for colorectal adenomas in patients with Lynch syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2012 Feb;142(2):241-7. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.10.033. Epub 2011 Nov 4. PMID: 22062356.
- Botma A, Nagengast FM, Braem MG, Hendriks JC, Kleibeuker JH, Vasen HF, Kampman E. Body mass index increases risk of colorectal adenomas in men with Lynch syndrome: the GEOLynch cohort study. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Oct 1;28(28):4346-53. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.28.0453. Epub 2010 Aug 23. PMID: 20733131.